KDD has a long and successful history in the field of telecommunications and in dealing in international markets. Until recently, it was the sole provider of international telecommunications services in Japan. It conducted this activity for 33 years. It’s operations have been built on solid business and technical principals with effective customer service and high systems reliability being the cornerstones. KDD has also consistently demonstrated its commitment to public service. We believe these qualities to be vital in order to assure that the international community is provided the quality of service necessary to accommodate the demands that are anticipated in this increasingly internet-dependant world.

In developing our approach to this project, it was determined that the matter of internet system stability should represent the single most significant factor to define success and to establish the “proof of concept” for the introduction of new gTLDs. In this connection it is our judgment that to use a core registry system other than one that has had years of operational success would be unadvisable. We have, therefore, opted to use the services of the undisputable leader in the registry field, Network Solutions, Inc. to assist us in the design, administration and construction of our registry.

Innovation and creativity have long been a strength of KDD and we fully intend to focus our considerable talent and resources on successfully implementing the new gTLD. In this section of the Registry Operators Proposal, a description of the Registry operators past achievements and overall technical capabilities is required. KDD has Corporation has a technical work workforce of more than 5,000 people with offices in 22 countries. It produces approximately 100 technical papers yearly covering a wide range of issues generally focused on the latest developments in telecommunications and multimedia. The most effective demonstration of an organization's capacity for innovation and ability to deal with complexity is to examine its past accomplishments. This document includes a brief reflection of our internal technological capability. We, of course, would be pleased to provide any additional information which ICANN might require during the course of its evaluation.

Since it’s foundation in 1953, KDD R&D Laboratories have greatly contributed to international telecommunications by developing amongst other things: TDMA technology for use in satellite communications systems, research and development work on systems for the transmission of communications using long-distance, fiber-optic submarine cables crossing the Pacific Ocean, the development of G3 facsimile coding technologies, and research and development of motion picture compression and transmission technologies (MPEG) and other technologies.

Our work also includes a host of other applications outside the field of telecommunications such as the development of magneto-optical disks or MD’s (Mini Disks). KDD intends to continue the development of the new technologies required to meet the needs of the 21st Century - Internet related issues are expected to be a central element of our future. A total of 160 employees work at KDD R&D Laboratories and 140 of them are researchers.

KDD’s Internet related activities are an important part of the history and development of the Internet in Japan. In 1981, KDD started a user-oriented network project based on UNIX systems and PSTN, and succeeded to connect its Laboratories’ network to DARPA Internet through UUCP links. This was the first among Japanese institutions. After establishing stable links to the DARPA Internet, in 1984, we joined a national academic network project JUNET headed by Prof. Jun Murai the Keio University in collaboration with major Japanese universities and large companies. Hence JUNET became the first Japanese network connected to the DARPA Internet. This project was organized into a semi-commercial gateway service between Japanese academic networks and the Internet until 1994 when commercial internet services were launched in Japan. Until 1994, it was the only commercially available Internet gateway service for Japanese companies and many governmental research projects which relied heavily on this network service.

From the beginning of the next major academic network project (1988), the "WIDE" project led by Prof. Jun Murai, KDD has been an active participant. Since 1994, KDD has managed the international gateway for IMNET (the Inter Ministry NETwork for the Japanese governmental institutions) and promoted, as the international network manager, the Internet Exposition in 1996 under the sponsorship of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications.

In 1996, KDD R&D Labs. proposed a network project plan for Asia-Pacific Advanced Network (APAN, http://www.apan.net/) as a core member. Since the foundation of APAN in June 1997, APAN has been provided advanced networking environments for the research community and has promoted international collaboration in Asia-Pacific areas. APAN is a non-profit international consortium whose primary members are Australia, Japan, Korea, Singapore and USA. Malaysia and China (the People's Republic of China) are associate members. Canada and Europe as the liaison members and Hong Kong, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines are also members. KDD R&D Labs. manage the network operation center as the director of APAN. From 1999 to 2000, KDD R&D Labs. have been monitoring the Internet traffic over the DS3 international link of Science Information Network Internet Backbone (SINET) in collaboration with the National Institute of Infomatics (NII) using their intelligent TCP/IP Protocol Analyzer, the results of which were published at The International Conference on Computer Communication 1999(ICCC’99).

KDD is creating new, advanced types of multimedia services that will allow anyone to freely and easily make use of a wide variety of services. We are working to develop new applications and technologies as well as a wide range of other service technologies. Examples include advanced video search functions designed to allow people to better enjoy using video-on-demand systems, and voice recognition technologies designed to make keyboards obsolete and make it possible for people to communicate more freely. The technologies being developed by KDD also include security systems, designed to ensure personal safety and privacy in online systems, and high-quality video transmission systems, designed using advanced coding technologies.

KDD’s activities in advanced telecommunications networks are an essential ingredient of any global multimedia system. ATM services (KDD R&D Labs. acted as one of the chair persons of ITU-T’s ATM standardization process), ISDN services, Internet services, and other types of high-speed network services are now beginning to make the dream of creating such a system a reality. In addition to these network services there is also a need for networking technologies capable of transmitting larger amounts of information at higher speeds by reducing the effects of transmission delays so often found in international and other forms of long-distance communications. There is a need for bandwidth reservation technologies designed to ensure that multimedia data can be transmitted without loss or delay via the Internet. There is also a need for networks capable of providing integrated combinations of services custom-designed to meet client needs. Through the development of component technologies, these advanced network technologies are being developed at KDD R&D Laboratories and are already being used in a number of applications.

KDD has been a leader in the creation of high-speed, high-capacity fiber-optic submarine cable networks and satellite communications networks in order to build a global communications infrastructure. New forms of communications which facilitate the transmission of large amounts of data are required and we have developed a variety of new technologies for such purposes. Some of the technologies which we have developed are currently being used in state-of-the-art submarine cable systems such as Japan-US, China-US, PC-1 and TAT-14. KDD is committed to the continuation of fundamental research for the future integration of telecommunications systems.

The following brief description of several of our IP-related developments reflects KDD’s overall corporate commitment to technological innovation.

Video transmission - KDD has developed "Quality Motion", a video transmission system featuring smooth motion and high quality even at the very low data rate of 28.8Kbit/s, using KDD’s proprietary technologies.

Multi-channel - Technologies such as PrimeCast and MCSquare was developed by KDD. PrimeCast realizes multi-channel multicast broadcasting for the first time in the world with real-time compression, and IP multicast and multi-channel transmission technology (MCSquare), using Quality Motion video compression technology were developed by KDD as core technology. On the transmission side, a live video (1ch) is compressed and broadcast by a personal computer, or multiple channel video can be simultaneously broadcast. On the receiving side, multiple channels can either be simultaneously played back, or one of channels can be selected for playback. The channel and video size may also be freely changed. Moreover, the display mode such as the number of simultaneous playback channels can be modified by a variety of multi-channel playback modes.

Innovative operation and transmission - To overcome IP network drawbacks such as bandwidth limitation, QoS fluctuation and data loss, VAST-ip sends commercial television quality of AV data by a store-and-forward operation that guarantees data quality throughout the transmission. When the bandwidth is sufficient, it works in real-time. The bundled innovative transmission protocol, SVFTP, enables smooth transfer resumption after a transient connection cut-off, and throughput protection even for a high-delay link such as a satellite channel, both of which contribute to efficient transmission.

High quality video and economical network operation - The video signal is compressed by an MPEG-2 encoder to provide a picture quality higher than the broadcasting level. Use of IP networks cuts transmission cost drastically as compared with conventional networks. All the functions are implemented in the typical PC environment for flexible handling.

Encoding/transmission management is simplified by a record table that shows the status and time of each operation. To shorten the whole process time, simultaneous execution of consecutive processes such as encoding and transmission is possible.

Stereo Link

Stereo Link is the first 3D HDTV digital code in the world. Stereo Link can be applied for the transmission of the three dimensional stereo HDTV signal at the bit rates of 44.736Mbps through ATM or IP Networks while keeping the satisfactory picture quality for stereo sequences. Stereo Link enables real time relaying transmission of 3D HDTV signals of sports events or natural scenery with much presence even at some few transmission bit rates which can be assigned for satellite circuits.

JaMaPS

JaMaPS is an information platform which can superimpose graphics information from multiple web sites. This is impossible in a conventional web environment. If JaMaPS is used as the front end of an information system instead of a web browser, inter-operability between graphics-based information systems is easily obtained by means of a simple yet powerful concept of superimposition. This can be used to construct various information systems and services for an intranet, extranet or the Internet.

In addition to JPEG and GIF formats, vector graphic data SVG in XML format which was designed by W3C is also supported. The product can also be used as a front end for developing information systems with a graphical user interface like that of GIS or CAD. The client which allows superimposition is a JAVA Applet, and it can be used from a web browser without requiring installation. Using an ordinary web server, we can supply a class library for a JAVA Servlet as a kit for developing an information system to construct a 3-layer client server. The data used with JaMaPS makes full use of SVG and XML. The product can also be used as a framework for constructing an advanced XML-based information system using a JAVA XML development environment. MPEG Related software.

Applications of JaMaPS

• The backbone network of NEWEB is directly connected with the world via high-speed dedicated circuits with direct connections to 29 countries and 42 major carriers. (Figure 15.1-1)
• In the U.S.A., which is the world‘s most popular destination of Internet traffic, network centers have been established on the east and west coasts (New York City, Los Angeles, San Francisco). These centers not only link Japan with the U.S.A. via large-capacity, high-speed leased circuits but also serve as vital connection nodes to Europe. Direct connections from Japan to the countries of Asia, Europe and Oceania are also provided via high-speed leased circuits.
• As shown in Figure D15.1-2, Japan / US capacity is currently 1,860Mbps – almost twice that of any other carrier in the Asian/Pacific region. And by March 2001, this is expected to be further upgraded to approximately 2.0Gbps.

• To assure the highest level of reliability, utilization rates are monitored and the private peering links are upgraded when such rates approximate 70%.
• KDD has at least two diverse routes to each peering partner
• The bandwidth between NEWEB and peering partners is from 10Mbps to 155Mbps.

• KDD‘s NEWEB has 3 diverse international cable routes (TPC-5, China-US, PC-1) to the internet in the U.S.A. These international backbones are terminated in Los Angeles and San Jose.
• KDD‘s network redundancy in Japan represents the most secure fail-safe system available (please see Figure D15.1-7 and 8). NEWEB connects to NSP-IXP2 and JPIX at the Otemachi facility and to JPIX2 at the Tokyo Telecom Center thereby assuring the highest level of Internet availability.

• Our most recent information regarding the number of users is approximately 400,000. However, it should be noted that KDD‘s NEWEB service is used by many large ISPs who use this service as their internet backbone - not as their back-up. Any description of Hosts and Users proximately, therefore, should consider the comprehensive coverage represented by KDD and the ISP’s using NEWEB.
• As of April 2000, KDD‘s share of international internet backbone bandwidth to the USA was 28% -1^st place among all competitors. It was 52% to the other countries – again 1^st place.
• KDD will merge with DDI Corporation (DDI) on October 1 this year. As for the number of users, of new company (KDDI), it is expected that users of DDI’s Internet service, "DION" will join with NEWEB after October 2000. This combination would represent more than 1.5 million subscribers making it one of Japan's largest ISPs.

• The power supply system in KDD Otemachi building is backed up by both UPS (1,000KVA UPS) and generators. Our standby generator is automatically activated within 40 seconds after utility power is lost. To achieve the required output takes approximately 1 minute, during this period battery power is supplied to the equipment in order to assure that at no time there is a loss of power.
• The combination of three transmission cables from Tokyo Electric Company, each backing up the other along with on site generators and battery power makes our power supply system availability essentially 100%. A power failure, requiring the use of this fail-safe system, has never occurred at KDD‘s Otemachi building since its construction in 1990.
• The air conditioning systems will operate on a 24 x 7 x 365 basis, with a reliability factor of over 99.9%. The ambient air temperature shall be maintained within the range of 68 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Environmental components such as air conditioning, heating, UPS, power, breaker panels, lighting, fire suppression are operated 24 x 7 x 365 basis and our actual experience in the past ten years since KDD‘s Otemachi building was constructed shows that these components have been available 100% of the time.

• In order to assure the highest possible network security and capability, customer‘s equipment can be housed in KDD’s housing sites, such as KDD Otemachi building in Tokyo, and KDD Tokyo Telecom Center etc.
• Otemachi building - This building is the center of Japanese internet traffic - it is the most important internet connection site in Japan. Two major IX (NSP-IXP2 and JPIX ) are located here, and all major ISPs in Japan already use this facility as their peering point. Two other IX‘s, NSP-IXP2+ (Gigabit Ether) and NSP-IXP6 for IPv6 are already installed in this building. It should be noted that for NSP-IXP6, this is the only IX for IPv6 in Japan.
• Tokyo Telecom Center - This facility is scheduled for occupancy in September 2000. JPIX2 will be installed in this facility. JPIX which is located in KDD‘s Otemachi building and JPIX2 will have direct connection between these two facilities. Two switches form one virtual switch, serve both locations.
• Physical and electronic security as well as technical support will be available 24 hours x 7 days x 365 days/year at these two facilities.
• All KDD services, including its internet service “NEWEB,” will be accessible at these locations without the necessity of local loop installations thereby significantly reducing installation costs and lead times.

Internet exchange (IX) plays a very important part in supporting the Internet backbone. NY-NAP, SF-NAP, MAE-EAST, MAE-WEST and PAIX are noted as major IX in the United State and they exchange a huge traffic volume of Internet. On the other hand, in Japan, WIDE, an academic organization of Widely Integrated Distributed Environments Project is a pioneer of IX called NSP-IXP in Japan and it has achieved a good example to lead us to the current successful and more reliable commercial IX. JPIX has been attracting many more customers especially since the year 2000 thanks to new ISPs from overseas and broadband access providers such as cable modem and xDSL operators.

“IP-VPN Service” will begin using “KDD’s Terabit Highway project: KTH21” as its backbone Network in October 2000. KDD plans to provide SLA (Service Level Agreement *3) and “Premium Menu” which supports Priority control(*4) and so on.

• Mobile IP
• FWA (Fixed Wireless Access)
• ADSL
• CATV

• In the NEWEB ADSL connection service, the rate corresponding to connect time is not generated. Therefore, customers can enjoy the WWW inspection anytime for 24 hours as the rate does not very. Moreover, the leased line need not be newly constructed. It is possible to connect it by using a standard analog line.
• In the ADSL connection service, the speed from customer's PC to the access point (go up) is 224kbps or less, and the speed from the access point to customer's PC (descend) is 512kbps or less. It is possible to connect it by several times the speed with a current analog network and the ISDN line.
• The telephone and the Internet can be used at the same time with one analog line. “Splitter” loaned from KDD divides one line into the band for the telephone and the band for ADSL. As a result, the use of the telephone and the Internet simultaneously is enabled as well as the ISDN line.
• 10Base-T cable and LAN card are needed to connect the ADSL modem loaned from KDD with customer's personal computer.